The British people expected an imminent war and Chamberlain`s “state gesture” was initially applauded. He was greeted as a hero by the royal family and invited to the balcony of Buckingham Palace before submitting the agreement to the British Parliament. The general positive reaction quickly re-established despite the royal patronage. However, there was resistance from the beginning. Clement Attlee and labor rejected the deal in alliance with the two Conservative MPs Duff Cooper and Vyvyan Adams, who until then had been seen as a hard and reactionary element in the Conservative party. In December 1938, the Sudetenland was the pro-Nazi region of the Empire, with half a million Sudeten Germans members. Daladier was convinced that the agreement did not appease the Nazis and that disaster would still happen, while Chamberlain thought there was cause for celebration, mistakenly convinced that he had achieved peace. The day after the signing of the agreement, Germany took control of the Sudetenland. The Czechoslovakians did not take retaliatory measures. On March 15, 1939, Hitler occupied Bohemia and Moravia, and Czechoslovakia ceased to exist. The day before, Slovakia had become an autonomous state of Nazi puppets. Many Sudeten Germans acquired jobs in the protectorate or as Gestapo agents because they spoke fluent Czech.

Northern Rhine, in the hope of independence, was taken over by Hungary. One aspect of the huge riots of the past two weeks must affect anyone who thinks about its history. In the three most powerful countries in Central and Eastern Europe, people had no right to know what was said and done outside. There seems to have been very little news in Russia. In Germany and Italy, the message was deliberately falsified while it was not repressed. The German people were not to know the embassy of President Roosevelt. The Italian people were led to believe that Chamberlain agreed with Hitler and was only putting pressure on Benes. One of his speeches gave them a false version. During the Second World War, British Prime Minister Churchill, who opposed the agreement when it was signed, decided not to abide by the terms of the post-war agreement and to bring the Sudetenland back to post-war Czechoslovakia.

On August 5, 1942, Secretary of State Anthony Eden sent the following note to Jan Masaryk: The American historian William L. Shirer, in his The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich (1960), believed that Czechoslovakia, although Hitler was not bluffing about its intention to invade, could have resisted considerably. Shirer believed that Britain and France had sufficient air defence to avoid severe bombing of London and Paris, and could have waged a swift and fruitful war against Germany. [66] He quotes Churchill as saying that the agreement means that “Britain and France are in a much worse position than Hitler`s Germany.” [61] After personally inspecting the Czech fortifications, Hitler privately told Joseph Goebbels that “we shed a lot of blood” and that it was fortunate that there had been no fighting. [67] After Poland learned that populated territories in Poland were to be transferred to Germany, Poland issued a note to the Czechoslovakian government regarding the immediate conclusion of an agreement providing for the unquestionable occupation of Polish territory by Polish troops; An agreement on referendums is expected to follow in districts with a large proportion of the Polish population. [75] The agreement was widely welcomed.